Architecture

DobProtocol is composed of four user-facing products, a shared backend infrastructure layer, and smart contracts deployed across multiple blockchains. This page describes how the components connect and interact.

System Overview

+===========================================================================+
|                          USER LAYER                                       |
|                                                                           |
|  +-------------+  +-------------+  +-----------+  +----------+           |
|  | DobValidator|  |Token Studio |  |  DobDex   |  | DobLink  |           |
|  | (Verify)    |  |(Tokenize &  |  | (Trade)   |  | (Embed)  |           |
|  |             |  | Distribute) |  |           |  |          |           |
|  +------+------+  +------+------+  +-----+-----+  +----+-----+           |
|         |                |               |              |                 |
+=========|================|===============|==============|=================+
          |                |               |              |
+=========|================|===============|==============|=================+
|         v                v               v              v    API LAYER    |
|  +------+------+  +-----+------+  +-----+-----+  +----+-----+           |
|  | Validator   |  |  Main      |  | Dex API   |  | Widget   |           |
|  | Backend     |  |  Backend   |  |           |  | Backend  |           |
|  | (Express)   |  | (Express)  |  | (Express) |  | (Express)|           |
|  +------+------+  +-----+------+  +-----+-----+  +----+-----+           |
|         |                |               |              |                 |
|         +--------+-------+-------+-------+--------------+                 |
|                  |               |                                        |
|           +------v------+  +----v---------+                               |
|           | PostgreSQL  |  |  Backoffice  |                               |
|           | (Cloud SQL) |  | (Admin, Sync |                               |
|           |             |  |  Scheduler)  |                               |
|           +------+------+  +----+---------+                               |
|                  |               |                                        |
+==========================================================================+
                   |               |
+==========|===============|===========================================+
|          v               v              BLOCKCHAIN LAYER             |
|                                                                      |
|  +-------------------+     +----------------------------------+      |
|  | Stellar Soroban   |     |       EVM Chains                |      |
|  |                   |     |                                  |      |
|  | - Pool Contracts  |     | - Ethereum Mainnet              |      |
|  |   (V1 push,       |     | - Base (L2)                     |      |
|  |    V2 pull)       |     | - Polygon                       |      |
|  | - Marketplace     |     | - Arbitrum (L2)                 |      |
|  | - SAC Tokens      |     | - Validator Contracts           |      |
|  +-------------------+     | - Dex Hook Contracts            |      |
|                            +----------------------------------+      |
+======================================================================+

Core Pipeline

The four products form a sequential pipeline for real-world asset tokenization:

 1. VERIFY          2. TOKENIZE         3. DISTRIBUTE        4. TRADE
+-----------+     +-------------+     +--------------+     +-----------+
|           |     |             |     |              |     |           |
| Dob       | --> | Token       | --> | Distribution | --> | DobDex /  |
| Validator |     | Studio      |     | Engine       |     | Market    |
|           |     |             |     |              |     |           |
+-----------+     +-------------+     +--------------+     +-----------+
   TRUFA AI          Pools &            Push (V1) /        Zero-slippage
   Scoring           Shares             Pull (V2)          + Marketplace

Each stage produces on-chain artifacts that the next stage consumes:

Stage	Input	Output
Verify	Device submission + metadata	On-chain verification certificate
Tokenize	Certificate + pool configuration	Smart contract with share ledger
Distribute	Revenue deposit	Distribution round (claimable by shareholders)
Trade	Share ownership	Marketplace listing or DobDex exit

Backend Architecture

Main Backend (Token Studio)

The primary backend serving Token Studio, the marketplace, and shared services.

Component	Technology	Purpose
Web Framework	Express 4.17	HTTP API server
ORM	Sequelize 6.16	PostgreSQL query layer
Database	PostgreSQL (Cloud SQL)	Persistent storage
WebSocket	Socket.IO 4.5	Real-time updates
Authentication	JWT (jsonwebtoken 8.5)	User sessions
Blockchain (Stellar)	@stellar/stellar-sdk 14.3	Soroban contract interaction
Blockchain (EVM)	ethers.js 6.14	EVM chain interaction

Port: 3000

Backoffice Services

Auxiliary services that support the main platform.

Service	Port	Purpose
Admin Server	3001	Admin panel API -- pool management, user management, network config
Admin Panel	4100	Angular 15 admin UI
Deposit Scheduler	--	Background job for processing scheduled deposits
Notification Server	--	Push notifications and email alerts
Stellar Sync Script	--	Polls Stellar blockchain for events, syncs to database

Frontend Architecture

Application	Framework	Port	URL
Token Studio	Angular 15	4200	home.dobprotocol.com
Admin Panel	Angular 15	4100	Internal only

Key frontend dependencies:

• Angular Material 15.2 -- UI component library
• NgBootstrap 14.2 -- Bootstrap integration
• @ngrx/store 15.4 -- State management
• ngx-translate 13.0 -- Internationalization
• SweetAlert2 11.4 -- Modal dialogs

Database Schema

PostgreSQL hosted on Google Cloud SQL. The schema centers around pools and their relationships.

+------------------+       +------------------+       +---------------------+
| pools            |       | pool_users       |       | eventRecords        |
|------------------|       |------------------|       |---------------------|
| address (PK)     |<------| pool_id (FK)     |       | pool_id (FK)        |
| pool_data (JSON) |       | user_address     |       | event_type          |
| chain_id         |       | shares           |       | data (JSON)         |
| deleted          |       | role             |       | date                |
| created_at       |       +------------------+       +---------------------+
+--------+---------+
         |
         |       +---------------------------+       +------------------------------+
         |       | pool_distribution_dates   |       | eventTransfers               |
         +------>|---------------------------|       |------------------------------|
         |       | pool_id (FK)              |       | pool_id (FK)                 |
         |       | dist_date                 |       | token_address                |
         |       | amount                    |       | amount                       |
         |       +---------------------------+       | from_address                 |
         |                                           +------------------------------+
         |
         |       +------------------+       +------------------------------+
         +------>| dob_buy_sales    |------>| dob_buy_sale_transactions    |
                 |------------------|       |------------------------------|
                 | sale_address (PK)|       | sale_address (FK)            |
                 | token_address    |       | token_address                |
                 | owner_address    |       | buyer_address                |
                 | price_per_share  |       | shares_amount                |
                 | is_active        |       | total_price                  |
                 +------------------+       +------------------------------+

Key Tables

Table	Primary Key	Purpose
pools	address	Main pool entity -- stores all pool configuration
pool_users	Composite	Controls which users see which pools in their dashboard
eventRecords	Auto ID	Pool events (init, distribute, withdraw, share transfers) + native token transfers
eventTransfers	Auto ID	External token deposits (ERC20/SAC) to pools
pool_distribution_dates	Auto ID	Distribution schedule records
dob_buy_sales	sale_address	Active marketplace share listings
dob_buy_sale_transactions	Auto ID	Completed marketplace purchases
networks	id	Blockchain network configuration (RPC URLs, WASM hashes, contract addresses)

Pool Data (Compressed JSON)

Pool metadata is stored as compressed JSON in pool_data. Key mappings:

Key	Full Name	Example Values
na	name	"Solar Farm Alpha"
tk	ticker	"SFA"
mp	max_participants	100
acc	access	pr (private), pb (public)
wacc	way_to_access	rtj (request), p (buy), qr, stk (staking)
dt	distribution_type	tr (trusted), bt (business), dam
eapr	estimated_apr	12.5
ttd	token_to_distribute	Token address

Blockchain Layer

Stellar Soroban

Primary chain for pool smart contracts.

Component	Details
SDK	@stellar/stellar-sdk 14.3.0 (Soroban) + stellar-sdk 11.3.0 (Horizon)
Contract V1	Push-based distribution -- admin loops all shareholders
Contract V2	Pull-based lazy claims -- scalable to 10,000+ shareholders
Testnet RPC	https://soroban-testnet.stellar.org
Mainnet RPC	https://soroban.stellar.org

EVM Chains

Used for DobValidator contracts, DobDex hooks, and cross-chain operations.

Component	Details
SDK	ethers.js 6.14 (primary), web3.js 1.7 (legacy)
Chains	Ethereum, Base, Polygon, Arbitrum
Contracts	Validator registry, Dex liquidity hooks

Infrastructure

Service	Provider	Purpose
Database	Google Cloud SQL (PostgreSQL)	Primary data store
Hosting	Google Compute Engine	Application servers
Storage	Google Cloud Storage	File uploads, images
Auth	Google Auth Library + JWT	OAuth and session management
Email	Nodemailer	Transactional emails
Logging	Winston	Structured logging
AI	Anthropic Claude + OpenAI	TRUFA scoring, assistance

Event Sync Architecture

Blockchain events are synced to the database through dedicated sync scripts.

Stellar Blockchain
       |
       | (poll every N seconds)
       v
+------------------+
| Sync Script      |
| (sync-stellar-   |
|  events.js)      |
+--------+---------+
         |
         | Parse events, update DB
         v
+------------------+
| PostgreSQL       |
| - eventRecords   |
| - eventTransfers |
| - pool_users     |
+------------------+
         |
         | Query via Sequelize
         v
+------------------+
| Express API      |
| (Main Backend)   |
+------------------+

The sync script:

1. Polls the Stellar blockchain for new events on tracked pools
2. Parses event data (handling i128 decimal format)
3. Inserts records into eventRecords (pool events, native transfers) and eventTransfers (external token deposits)
4. Updates pool_users share balances based on on-chain events
5. Runs on a cron schedule in production (~15-20 minute sync delay)